SteamWorld Dig is an engaging 2D platform game that immerses players in the mining adventure beneath the old Western town of Tumbleton. Players take control of Rusty, equipped with a pickaxe, to uncover hidden secrets and resources in a procedurally generated mine. The gameplay focuses on mining, resource collection, and upgrading tools, while also requiring players to manage health, coal for light, and water for special abilities. As players progress, they unlock new abilities that enhance their digging capabilities and exploration options.

The game combines platforming elements with resource management, allowing players to build and deconstruct the game world as they navigate through various levels. Encounters with enemies introduce additional challenges, each with unique attack patterns, while the randomized nature of the mines ensures a fresh experience with every playthrough. Players can utilize shop features for ladders and other essentials, and upon dying, they face a penalty but retain the opportunity to reclaim their loot.