The mathematical discussion of the Number Pyramid is an interesting mathematical topic which has a long history. The first time that the topic was discussed in the literature was in 1826, when the French mathematical genius, Jean-Baptiste Fermat, discussed the problem in a letter to his friend, Nicolas Fatio. In 1829, Fatio published a book in which he presented a proof of the statement.

Since then, the topic has been discussed by many other authors. The first author who discussed the topic in detail was the German mathematician, Johann Jakob Stach, who published a book on the subject in 1832. Stach's book is still one of the best-known books on the subject.