The history of Mexico covers more than three thousand years of its history. From the moment the Spanish arrived in Mexico, the country has experienced a series of historical events that have had a direct impact on its current political situation.

The first inhabitants of what is now Mexico came about 13,000 years ago, when the land bridge connecting North America and Mexico broke down. The cause of the break down is not known, but it is thought to be related to the melting of the ice caps in the North American Ice Age. As a result, the inhabitants of what is now Mexico migrated to the south, where they established several important Mesoamerican cities.

From that time on, Mesoamerican civilizations developed, and they formed a complex society that included a wide variety of social, political, and economic systems. They also developed a form of written language, and thus, their history is written in their own language.

The Spanish arrived in Mexico in 1521. In 1535, Hernán Cortés, the Spanish commander, captured the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan. This was the beginning of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire, and in 1521, the Aztec capital was moved to Mexico City.

From that time on, Mexico City was the capital of New Spain, and it remained the most populous city in the country until the Mexican War of Independence in 182.