In India, the primary focus is on crop protection against the major pests and diseases that affect the crop and the food supply. These pests and diseases cause a major loss in the yield and quality of the crop. The most common pests and diseases are the leaf curl, brown mold, stem rot, root rot, leaf abscissor, and the white spots that appear on the leaves. The losses due to these pests and diseases are higher in the humid and rainy regions of India. To prevent these losses, the government has established the Crop Protection Department to issue the registration certificates and to conduct the pesticide-related research.

Pesticides are the most effective and safest means of controlling pests. They are used to kill the pests and to prevent them from harming the crop. Pesticides are classified as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and colletors.

Insecticides are used to control insects. Fungicides are used to control fungi. And colletors are used to control the growth of some types of plants.